![]() This was first recorded in Chinese literature, whereby ingesting small amounts of poison could prevent potential fatality of a larger poison dose. The original premise of vaccination, dating back to the eleventh century, was human exposure to a small amount of a disease, to promote protection and immunity against subsequent exposure of a larger quantity of the same pathogen. The establishment of vaccines represents a vital instrument in reducing rates of infections and diseases globally. ![]() ![]() The present review was designed to provide an update on the current state of science related to the safety and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Thus, it is important to clarify the objective data related to vaccine safety, including known side effects and potential adverse reactions. A successful vaccination campaign is contingent on widespread access to the vaccine under appropriate storage conditions, deployment of a sufficient number of vaccinators, and the willingness of the population to be vaccinated. The rapid pace of vaccine development and the uncertainty of potential long-term adverse effects raised some level of hesitation against mRNA vaccines in the global community. Published safety and efficacy trials reported high efficacy rates of 94-95 % after two interval doses, in conjunction with limited side effects and a low rate of adverse reactions. These vaccines are based on the mRNA vaccine platform and were developed by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna. In December 2020, the first two vaccines were approved by the FDA through emergency use authorization in the United States. This implies that at least 70-80 % of the population must achieve active immunity against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), either as a result of a previous COVID-19 infection or by vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. ![]() ![]() With a death toll surpassing 500,000 in the United States alone, containing the pandemic is predicated on achieving herd immunity on a global scale. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 100 million people globally within the first year of the pandemic. ![]()
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